< Normal Boa Constrictor



           Albino Boa Constrictor >



                             BIG BOA >

Boa constrictor is a large snake species. It is a member of the family Boidae found in North, Central, and South America, as well as several islands in the Caribbean. The Boa constrictor can reach a length of 3-13 feet (0.91 to 4.0 m) depending on the region and the availability of suitable prey. There is a clear sexual dimorphism seen in the species, the female boa is generally larger than the males. Thus, the average size of mature female boa is between 7-10 feet (2.1 to 3.0 m), while adult males reach 6-8 feet (1.8 to 2.4 m). The Boa constrictor is a heavy-bodied snake, and large specimens can weigh up to 27 kg. Women, gender larger, ie 10 to 15 kg. Boa limiting the size and weight depending on the subspecies, local, and availability of prey Boa constrictor cocok.Warna and shape may vary depending on the region. However, they are generally brown, gray or cream base color, patterned with brown or reddish brown "saddles" that become more pronounced towards the tail. This is the coloring that gives Boa constrictor the common name of "red-tailed boa", as it typically has more red saddles than other subspecies of Boa barrier. Coloring works as very effective camouflage in the woods and forests of the reach alam.Ada individuals also exhibit pigmentary disorders such as albinism. Although individual rare in the wild, they are common in captivity where they are often selectively bred to make a variety of different color "morphs". Boa constrictors have an arrow-shaped head that has lines on it are very typical. One runs dorsally from the snout to the back of the head. The others run from the snout to the eyes and then from the eyes to the jaw. Boa constrictors can sense heat via cells in their lips, though they do not have holes surrounding labial receptors seen in many members of the family boidae. Boa constrictors also have two lungs, a smaller (non-functional) left and enlarged (functional) right lung to better fit their elongated shape, unlike many colubrid snakes which have completely lost the left lung.

Developing Habitat boa in a variety of environmental conditions, from tropical rainforests to arid semi-desert country. However, he preferred to live in the rainforest because of humidity and temperature, natural cover from predators and a large number of potential prey. It is commonly found in or along rivers and streams, as it is a very capable swimmer. Boa constrictor will also occupy intermediate mammal burrows, where it can hide from potential predators. [6]

Behavior Boa constrictors are solitary animals, and will only associate with conspecifics to mate. They are active at night, however, they may bask during the day when the night temperature is too low. As semi-arboreal snakes, young boa constrictor individuals may climb into trees and shrubs-semak.Namun, they become mostly terrestrial as they become older and heavier. Boa constrictors will strike when threatened, and will bite in defense. The bites can be painful, especially from large snakes, but is rarely dangerous.

Reproduction and development of Boa constrictors are ovoviviparous, giving birth to live young. They will generally breed in the dry season between April-and August-and polygynous, thus males may mate with several females. A half of all females will breed in a given year, and a larger percentage of males will actively try to find a mate. However, due to the nature of the limiting polygyny Boa lot of men will not work .. The reason is due to the fact that they ovovivparous (ie eggs hatch inside the body). During the breeding season the female boa will emit a scent from her cloaca to attract males, who then might wrestle for the right to breed with him. During the breeding male will curl his tail around the females and the hemipenes (male reproductive organs) will be inserted. Copulation can last from several minutes to several hours, and may occur several times over the past few weeks. After ovulation period which may not happen immediately, but the female can hold sperm inside her up to one year. When a woman ovulates, the mid-body swell can see that appears similar to after the snake has eaten a large meal. Females then going down two to three weeks after ovulation, with what is known as a post ovulation shed which will last another 2-3 weeks, longer than normal warehouse. The gestation period, which is calculated from the post ovulation shed, is approximately 100-120 days. The female will then give birth.

Snakes are reptiles that have elongated bodies and no legs, no eyelids and external ears. Many species of snakes have skulls with many joints, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads with their highly mobile jaws (can be enlarged).
Snakes can be found on every continent except Antarctica. More than 20 families, consisting of about 500 genera and about 3,400 species.

Snake skin covered in scales, snake has a dry smooth texture. Transparent eyelid closed snake, also known as brille. Their eyes are always open, and for sleeping, the retina can be closed or the face buried among the folds of the body. shedding (moulting) serves a number of functions. First, the old and worn skin is replaced, secondly, it helps get rid of parasites such as fleas and ticks.
shedding occurs periodically throughout a snake's life. Before the moult, the snake stops eating and often hides or moves to a safe place. Just before shedding, the skin becomes dull and the eyes become cloudy or blue. After a few days, the eyes clear and the snake "crawls" out of the old skin aided by rubbing against rough surfaces.
An old snake shedding its skin only once or twice a year. But the young snake, still growing, may molt up to twelve times a year.

The only snake skeleton consists of the skull, hyoid, vertebrae, and bone rusuk.Tengkorak snake consists of a solid braincase and complete, many other bones are only loosely attached, particularly highly mobile jaw bones, which facilitate manipulation and consumption of prey items. Left and right side of the lower jaw are joined only by a flexible ligament at the anterior end, allowing them to separate widely, while the posterior end of the lower jaw bones articulate with a quadrate bone, allowing further mobility. The bone of the jaw, and squares can also pick up ground borne vibrations Because the jaw can move independently of each other.

Snakes have stereo hearing sensitive that it can detect the position of the prey. He was able to detect vibrations in the angstrom scale, despite the absence of the external ear and the mechanisms of the small bones of the impedance matching is used in other vertebrates for receiving vibrations from the air.

The heart of a snake wrapped in a sac, called the pericardium, located at the bifurcation of the bronchi. Heart to move, however, due to the lack of a diaphragm. This adjustment protects the heart from potential damage when large ingested prey that passes through the esophagus. The spleen is attached to the gall bladder and pancreas and filters the blood. The thymus gland is located in fatty tissue above the heart and is responsible for the generation of immune cells in the blood. The cardiovascular system is also unique for the presence of snakes portal system of the kidney where blood from the tail of the snake through the kidneys before returning to the heart.

Lungs only one snake. That vestigial left lung is very small or sometimes even absent, as snakes tubular bodies' require all of their organs to be long and thin. In most species, only one functional lung. This lung contains a vascularized anterior portion and a posterior portion that does not function in gas exchange. Saccular lung is used for hydrostatic purposes to adjust buoyancy in some water snakes and its function remains unknown in terrestrial species. Many organs that are paired, such as kidneys or reproductive organs, are staggered within the body, with one located in front of the other.

REPTILES

Reptiles are a group of vertebrate animals are cold-blooded and have scales covering its body. Reptiles are tetrapods (four-legged animals) and spawn eggs embryo covered by amniotic membrane, breathe with lungs - lungs, heart bears 3 or 4, using energy environment to regulate their body temperature so that the animals belonging exothermic, and internal fertilization. Today they can be found on every continent except Antarctica. Formerly classified as amphibious reptiles, but not until the beginning of the 19th century it became clear that reptiles and amphibians are actually very different animals, and Pierre André Latreille (1825) tetrapod split into four classes, viz. Reptiles, amphibians, birds and mamalia.Pada mid-20th century, it has become common to divide reptiles into four groups (orders) is not based on their skulls.• Order Crocodilia (crocodiles, garhial, caimans, and alligators): 23 species• Order Sphenodontia (tuatara New Zealand): 2 species• Order Squamata (lizards, snakes and amphisbaenia ("worm-lizards")): approximately 9150 species• Order Testudinata (tortoises, turtles and terrapin): approximately 300 speciesThe majority of reptiles are ovipar (laying) although certain species Squamata are viviparous (give birth). Viviparous reptiles feed their fetuses using a type similar to placental mammals.Reptiles originated around 320-310 million years ago during the Carboniferous period, having evolved from reptiles such advanced amphibious become increasingly adapted to life on dry land. There is a group of extinct, including the dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and the water like ichthyosaurs.
Reptiles are tetrapods, vertebrates, both of which have four limbs or like a snake, which is derived from four-legged ancestors. Unlike amphibians, reptiles do not have a larval stage of water. Traditionally, the reptile was one of the three classes of amniotes, the other mammals and birds. Size reptiles varies, from measuring up to 1.6 cm in size up to 6 m and weigh up to 1 ton. Branch of science that studies reptiles is herpetology.